Leadership Theory and Assessment Essay Example for Free

Strategic Management of Woolworth Shop in Australia Free-Sample

Question: Pick a Company and Critically Analyze its Current Marketing Strategies and Market Performance. Consider the Companys Positon against its Main Competitor and Discuss the Successes and Failures of this Selected Company and its Marketing approach in Competing in this Marketplace. Answer: Presentation Woolworth, which is casually distinguished as Woolies, is considered as one of the best retail shops of Australia. The notoriety of the association is getting steady because of the administrations and amazing items gave by the association. The association is working from past numerous years and furthermore has its different outlets in the closest regions of Australia. The primary store of Woolworth was set down in Sydney. The accomplishment of the association is surprising and from that point forward, their different stores opened in the close by zones. In seven days around, about 28 million clients are visiting to the retail locations. These stores are fruitful in conveying the most encouraging items to the clients. Aside from this, the association likewise has a few elements identified with the enhancements. There are different contenders of the association, who are giving then an intense rivalry. The report appeared underneath for the most part covers the situational examination a nd g blend identified with the association. In the proper report, the subjects that are secured are demonstrated as follows: The situational examination is the segment wherein the present circumstance of the association can be distinguished. The present market methodology and the exhibition identified with the association can be related to the assistance of this area. The relative investigation of advertising blend as opposed to different associations are likewise related to the assistance of the report characterized beneath. The conversation identified with the achievement and disappointment characterizes the significant angles in setting to the association. The report closes with an appropriate end alongside the suggestions. Situational Analysis The situational investigation is considered as one of the main consideration which causes the directors to distinguish the inward and outside variables with regards to the association. The situational investigation additionally helps in characterizing different development factors for an association. For dealing with the development in a clear way, some particular plans identified with the advertising are fundamental to be talked about. To characterize the situational investigation, the focuses which are secured are demonstrated as follows (Wood, 2010). The present market methodologies and market execution of the association are recognized as the significant focuses which should be examined concerning the present market situation. Current market Staretgies of Organization By playing out an appropriate examination of the association, it is viewed as that Woolworth is having a smooth promoting methodology which can be changed by the present situation. The association doesnt center around a solitary methodology. There are different advertising outlines, which can be balanced by the present interest identified with the market. The promoting methodology of the association is isolated into distinct kinds, which are recognized as the long haul and momentary advertising system. The transient promoting procedure chiefly centers around the items and administrations that are being given to the clients. The transient system will likewise give different parts of giving nutritious and more delicious items to the clients. There are different outlets which are opened on a universal level (Ferrell, et al., 2014). Aside from this, the drawn out goals are identified with dealing with the business open door for Australian. The advancement to sell natural food and contrib uting with 31% of piece of the pie is recognized as one of the fundamental perspectives which can help with giving appropriate market technique to the association. Right now, late showcasing systems identified with the association are characterized underneath: - The inward administration or powers identified with the association are solid and sensible. The association as of now gives office of the prize framework to its clients. As indicated by this framework, the focuses framework is presented in the association. This may help in presenting the idea of limits as well. The clients can without much of a stretch pull in towards the offers gave by the association. This factor likewise goes about as an improvement entertainer for the association as well (Uddin, 2012). The subsequent game plan is identified with the outer administration. Through outside sources, the administration is reasonable in giving unequivocal rules to the clients. The development of the establishments in various zones of the nation is a live model. Because of this development of the association, the benefit proportion will get increment with a quick rate. Woolworth is distinguished as one of the associations which is celebrated for selling the items effortlessly. The peripheral items and items with ostensible rates are sold with a fast speed. This will help in giving better offices to the clients. Different limited time factors and advances approach towards selling the items are likewise recognized as one of the extra perspective in setting to the association. Market Performance of Organization The investigation uncovers that the present market execution of the association is extraordinary. The items like stuffed and canned items, dairy and milk items and items identified with every day needs are enjoyed by the clients on a positive level. Because of the distinctive sort of approaches and special system, the association is fruitful in conveying the best administrations to the clients. Woolworth has the division approach. Because of the assistance of this methodology, the various choices are given to the clients, so they can choose the best viewpoint for them all the time. Aside from this, being a fruitful cooperative person, the association additionally gives different limits to the clients, which may help in giving them help (Emerson-Drake, 2012). Advertising blend procedure Advertising blend procedure is distinguished as one of the significant system which may help in characterizing the shoppers prerequisite and focused on approach from a wide perspective. The promoting blend is for the most part shaped from mix of 4ps. These Ps are considered as the individuals, spot, cost and advancement. There are different contenders of the Woolworth, who are giving intense rivalry to the association in various modes (Business Review Australia, 2014). Yet, here Coles is chosen for the conversation. The apparatuses identified with the promoting blend are useful in giving reasonable help to creating the better way to deal with the market (Keith, 2012). The plain structure for the advertising blend in with the serious association is characterized underneath: - Advertising PS Woolworth Coles Item The association has classified the items into two sections which are recognized as the buyer item and the business items (Haymarket Media Group, 2011). The fundamental item selling technique of the association is structured by the need of the purchasers. For dealing with the items, various measures are characterized. The name of items are center, genuine and enlarged (Langley, 2015). The arrangement of the item is very surprising in contrast with the Woolworth. The association likewise offers alcohol, meat and infant items available to be purchased. Cost As different associations are fluctuating the evaluating arrangement, Woolworth has a steady estimating strategy. As indicated by closest territories, the estimating arrangement is expanding ceaselessly (Ferrell, et al., 2014). The association adjusts various strategies identified with the improvement of the association. These systems are infiltration, skimming, rivalry, product offering and numerous others. The Coles is distinguished as the cost head. Different limits are being offered to the clients, however just toward the end of the week premise (Sunday Bayode, 2011). Advancement For showcasing, the firm uses most extreme devices for the advancement. This will help in giving reasonable help to the association. A portion of the particular instruments for advancement are distinguished as the immediate promoting, selling items, internet based life and publicizing. The limited time methodology of the association is extremely basic. To mange the characterizing perspective, the exposure is finished with the assistance of ads, flyers and online procedure. Spot Woolworths puts its stores in the territory where the reachability of the average citizens is distinguished. Being the general store chain, Woolworths is extending its little stores as well, with the goal that the items identified with the every day needs can be overseen by the purchasers. In numbers, there are at any rate 2300 stores that are dispersed on a wide range across Australia, yet Coles needs giving little outlets or stores to the reachability (Dunford Palmer, 2012). Achievement and Failure of association In spite of the fact that the association is considered as the top most market players and have its own personality in positive circle, however the association is as yet confronting a type of disappointment and achievement in a fitting structure. There are different perspectives because of which achievement and disappointment is being seen in the association. A portion of the particular kinds of progress and disappointment of the association are referenced in the market. These triumphs and disappointments are characterized underneath in the print position. With respect to progress, the association can ready to improve and with respect to disappointment, the upgrades are as yet required. This will likewise help in encircling the real structure of the association. Achievement of the association The association follows a distinct example of procedure for the market and steadiness in a serious domain is additionally considered in the positive mode. It might likewise help in characterizing the accomplishment of the association in an organized structure. The specialized parts of the association are solid. The Woolworth is considered as the primary association which I

What Is an Emotional Support Animal

What Is an Emotional Support Animal Happiness Print What Is an Emotional Support Animal? By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on June 25, 2018 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on October 17, 2019  Rafael Elias/Getty Images More in Self-Improvement Happiness Meditation Stress Management Spirituality Holistic Health Inspiration Brain Health Technology Relationships View All In This Article Table of Contents Expand Definition Benefits Research Emotional vs. Service Animals Laws Controversy Ethical Considerations Eligibility View All Back To Top Animals can provide joy and companionship. Animals can also provide emotional support to people with mental health concerns. These animal companions are known as emotional support animals (ESAs), and they have been growing in popularity in recent years. Definition An emotional support animal is an animal companion that offers some type of benefit to an individual with some form of disability. The animal is intended to provide companionship and support that will help alleviate at least one aspect of the disability. Dogs are the most common type of emotional support animal, but cats are quite common as well. Other types of animals, such as miniature horses, can also serve as ESAs. For example,  a peacock made headlines after it was denied from entering a United Airlines flight, despite the fact that its owner said that the animal was an emotional support animal. Some of the more unusual emotional support animals that have flown with their owners include a pig, a duck, a monkey, and a turkey. The vast majority of ESAs are not rare, exotic, or barnyard creatures. Benefits Why would an individual choose to use an emotional support animal? Research has long supported the idea that animals can provide significant mental health benefits. One research review found that owning a pet has positive effects on mental health by fostering emotional connectivity and helping people manage in times of crisis. Some of the other benefits that emotional support animals may provide include: Less anxiety. Simply petting an animal can create a relaxation response and elevate mood.Trauma support. Pets can provide comfort to people who are dealing with difficult situations, including those who have experienced some type of trauma.Improved physical health. Studies have found that emotional support animals help to lower blood pressure, decrease respiration rates, and improve the ability to cope with pain.Fewer feelings of loneliness. Animals can provide companionship, which is especially important for people who live alone and experience symptoms of depression and anxiety.Reciprocal care and love. Caring for an emotional support animal can also help give people a sense of purpose. Not only do animals provide unconditional love and companionship, but they also require care and love in return, which can be emotionally rewarding. Research Its easy to say that animals can help make people calmer, happier, and even more fulfilled. But are emotional support animals really that different from any beloved pet? So far, the research remains inconclusive. While some suggest that support animals may produce positive effects, support for the therapeutic effectiveness of emotional support animals tends to be scant. For example, research has not been able to demonstrate that support animals provide significant benefits over what any regular pet would provide. According to a 2016 study published in the journal Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, it is not clear whether emotional support animals have any therapeutic effects beyond the positive benefits that animals provide in general. “Little empirical data exists to support the conclusion that ESAs are effective in mitigating psychological disorders and related problems, and empirical research that does exist is inconsistent, sparse and emerging,” suggested psychologists Jeffrey Younggren and his colleagues in an article published by the American Psychological Association in 2016. Further research may be needed to help demonstrate what impact emotional support animals might have and when ESAs may be the most beneficial.   Emotional vs. Service Animals While emotional support animals and service animals share some similarities, there are important distinctions between the two. Emotional support animals are intended to provide companionship and support. Service animals, on the other hand, assist individuals with disabilities by performing specific tasks.   Service animals are those that have been specially trained to perform a service for a person with some form of disability. Such disabilities may be sensory, physical, intellectual, psychiatric, or mental in nature. Tasks that a service animal might perform include alerting a person about a sound, guiding a person along the street, pressing an elevator button, retrieving items, alerting others or standing guard if the individual is experiencing a seizure, or reminding the individual to take his or her medication. Emotional support animals, on the other hand, are there to provide companionship aimed at alleviating distress or provide some other type of relief.   Titles II and III of the Americans with Disabilities Act specify that service animals must be dogs, although reasonable accommodations must be made to allow miniature horses to serve as service animals in cases where the animals have received training to perform specific tasks for the disabled person. ESAs Provide companionship and emotional support to individuals with disabilities Do not require specialized training Covered under the Federal Fair Housing Act Service Animals Assist individuals with disabilities with specific tasks (reminding someone to take their meds, alert others of a seizure, etc.) Require specialized training Covered under the Americans With Disabilities Act It is also important to note that emotional support animals and psychiatric service animals are not the same things. Where an emotional support animal may provide benefits to people with mental illness, psychiatric service animals are specially trained to perform specific tasks for people with psychiatric conditions. This might include reminding the individual to take their medications or stop someone from engaging in self-harm. Psychiatric Service Animals and Social Anxiety Disorder Laws Under the Federal Fair Housing Act, housing providers are required to make reasonable accommodations to allow individuals with disabilities to keep an assistant animal in their home. The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) requires housing providers to make exceptions to no pets policies. The two conditions required for such an exception: The individual living with the animal must have some type of disability that significantly limits one or more major life activities.The animal must provide some type of relief or assistance related to these identified disabilities. HUD does not specify which disabilities qualify an individual for an exception. Rather, they state that the functions of an ESA include providing emotional support to persons with disabilities who have a disability-related need for such support.” An exception usually requires a verification letter from a mental health professional stating the individuals needs for an emotional support animal. Landlords may also require that people requesting accommodation also submit a verification form completed by a physician or therapist that confirms the disability. The Fair Housing Act Under the FHA, landlords cannot legally:Require tenants to pay additional fees for ESAsAsk for information on the extent of the persons disability or request detailed medical recordsRefuse to accommodate an emotional support animalRequire that the animal receive specific trainingRequire the owner to use a specific type of harness or identification collar for the animal However, tenants are financially responsible if their animal causes any type of damage to persons or property. While the Americans With Disabilities Act allows people to legally bring their service animals into public areas, emotional support animals are not covered by the law. Emotional support animals do not meet the definition of a service animal under the law, which requires that service animals be specifically trained to perform tasks to help the individual with the disability. Because of this, business and public spaces can deny the admission of emotional support animals. Controversy While there is some evidence pointing to the value of emotional support animals, not everyone agrees that they are always necessary. Some mental health experts have suggested that support animals may be overused. The number of emotional support animals appears to be growing every year. United Airlines, one of the largest airline carriers in the US, reported a 75% increase in the number of emotional support animals flying on the airline between the years 2016 and 2017. One study published in PLOS ONE found that the number of emotional support animals found in the state of California had increased 10-fold between 2002 and 2012. Airlines, other businesses, and federal regulators are now considering additional rules regarding the use of ESAs, including: Limiting the number of species that may be allowed to be used as support animalsRequiring owners to submit documentation in advance as to their use of an emotional support animalStating that the animal is housebroken and safe to be around other people The increased demand for ESAs sometimes places therapists in a bind as well. More and more, patients request letters of documentation supporting their need for an emotional support animal from their psychologist, therapist, or doctor. Why are so many people interested in having a support companion? Many experts attribute it to the fact that the law allows these individuals with disabilities to bring an emotional support animal on a plane at no additional cost. Normally, airlines require people to pay an extra fee to bring their pets on a flight, but with a letter stating that they need an emotional support animal, people can avoid this fee. The Air Carrier Access act suggests that a wide variety of animals may be permitted to board flights as emotional support animals, although airlines are able to use their discretion in cases where animals are too heavy, large, or disrupting as well as those prohibited in other countries. The problem is that the law is vague in defining exactly who needs an ESA. This has led to many people attempting to obtain letters supporting their need for an emotional support animal in order to travel with their pet without having to pay to bring the animal on board the flight. People also occasionally obtain letters from physicians and psychologists in order to justify keeping an animal in their rental home or apartment. Because the Fair Housing Act requires landlords to allow renters to keep emotional support animals in their residence, tenants may sometimes have their pet designated as an emotional support animal to keep their pets in their homes. Ethical Considerations The vagueness of the law creates a quandary for many psychologists and therapists. Do they write a letter for a patient who may not truly have the need, or do they deny the request and risk losing the patient? Some patients may become angry if a therapist or doctor denies their request for a documentation letter. This creates an ethical problem for therapists. Should they write a letter in order to ensure that a patient stays in treatment, even if they do not feel that a support animal is necessary? Many experts believe that additional guidelines are needed to help psychologists, therapists, and physicians determine who needs emotional support animals. In the absence of such guidelines, a number of online businesses have emerged that promise to deliver a diagnosis and provide an ESA documentation letter. Many of these sites promise to provide a diagnosis and letter of documentation in under 24 hours for less than $100. This type of abuse of the law has led to many airlines requiring that an ESA documentation letter be submitted in advance of the flight along with the name and contact information of the mental health professional who provided the diagnosis. For example, in June 2018, JetBlue announced that it would require passengers to submit additional proof that their emotional support animals were needed and properly trained. Representatives for the airline attributed the new rules to dramatic increase in industry incidents involving emotional support animals that havent been adequately trained to behave in a busy airport or the confined space of an aircraft.” These rules include only accepting dogs, cats, and miniature horses as support animals and only allowing one animal per customer. Passengers are also required to submit a medical form completed by their care provider, a veterinary health form, and an animal behavior form.   Requirements vary from one airline to another, so passengers should check carefully to see what forms and documentation they may need to provide before boarding with their emotional support animal. Eligibility Emotional support animals may be helpful to those with certain mental health conditions such as depression or anxiety. If you feel that a support animal may help relieve your symptoms, talk to your doctor or therapist about some of the possible benefits and risks. Having a pet requires an investment of time and effort, so it is important to be sure that you are prepared for the commitment and capable of caring for the animal. It may be helpful to talk about what you hope to gain from having an emotional support animal and discuss which type of animal might be right for your needs. If you want an ESA in order to avoid paying an extra flight fee or pet deposit, consider the effect your actions may have on people who have genuine needs for a support animal. An ESA can provide support and comfort that some individuals may need to cope with their disorder or disability. Obtaining an ESA documentation letter to avoid paying extra for your pet ultimately hurts the legitimacy of the many patients who have a real need for a support animal. If you feel you have a legitimate need for an emotional support animal, talk to the doctor or therapist who is currently treating you. Dont buy a letter from a scammy online site that promises a dubious certification document to anyone willing to pay their fee. A Word From Verywell While research has yet to demonstrate the long-term effects of emotional support animals for alleviating the symptoms of psychological conditions, you may find a support animal a helpful and rewarding addition to your existing treatment plan. Whether you are dealing with stress, anxiety, trauma, or some other type of mental health condition, a pet can provide companionship and support. Talk to your care provider about whether an emotional support animal might be helpful for your individual situation.

Growth of the Computer Industry Essay - 1377 Words

The computer industry has experienced an impressive growth within the past 15 years. In our case, laptops fall under the category of computers as well. Even though computers had first come out in the mid 19th century, there has been a huge augmentation of ‘advanced’ computers/laptops in recent times. From 1936 to 1980, computers weren’t mainly used by the public. The very first system was not even considered a computer, but a mere 30 ton numerical calculator that worked through 18, 000 vacuum tubes. â€Å"The first true computers were developed in the US to perform the complex calculations required for the building of the atomic and hydrogen bombs (WSW).† In the ‘60s and ‘70s, the computer was still very similar; it was very large in size†¦show more content†¦To avoid redundancy, Apple and Google are very similar when it comes to employment. However, Apple and Google actually exceed Microsoft in revenue. These two companies, surpr isingly, make double the amount of revenue in comparison to Microsoft (per employee). One may ask how this is possible? Well, in simple terms, companies like Microsoft, Apple, and Google are driven by innovation. According to Steve Jobs (CEO and Founder of Apple), â€Å"You need a very product-oriented culture, even in a technology company. Lots of companies have tons of great engineers and smart people. But ultimately, there needs to be some gravitational force that pulls it all together (Businessweek).† Secondly, Apple is a perfect example of a company that has a goal. They not only want to maximize profits, but also make the greatest PC (for computers). Unlike many companies, they do not want to be the richest and biggest company in the market. Their innovation is produced through dedication. Other factors include process, teamwork, and passion. According to Jobs, these components are all the puzzle pieces to their innovative ideas. It is quite obvious the large companies that control the computer software and operations sector are in an oligopolistic environment. First of all, there are a few sellers who control all or most of the sales in the industry (Bouman). In our case, it has been either theShow MoreRelatedMeasuring Manufacturing : How The Computer And Semiconductor Industries Affect The Numbers And Perceptions Upjohn Institute Working Paper No1384 Words   |  6 PagesMeasuring Manufacturing: How the Computer and Semiconductor Industries Affect the Numbers and Perceptions Upjohn Institute Working Paper No. 14-209 Susan Houseman W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research e-mail: houseman@upjohn.org Timothy J. Bartik W.E. 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Is Donald Trump And Bernie Sanders - 1701 Words

As the 2016 Presidential Election starts to close in on the primaries, we are now beginning to see the front-runners in both political parties. Donald Trump, who has been far ahead of the other Republican candidates almost the entire race, seems more and more likely to snag the Republican nominee, while Bernie Sanders has continued to climb in the polls on the Democratic side. Whether the next President is going to be Donald Trump, Bernie Sanders, or another candidate, it is inevitable that they will have to come up with a plan for gun control, health care, and have a foreign policy that can deal with the problems we face today. As Donald Trump and Bernie Sanders both represent different parties, some of their ideas still overlap one†¦show more content†¦While the American people have still yet to hear a full-blown proposal, some of the only information on a Trump healthcare system is that he plans to allow healthcare insurers to compete across state lines. In the latest CNN Republican Debate, Trump stated, â€Å"When you get rid of the lines, it brings in competition. So instead of having one insurance company taking care of New York or Texas, you’ll have many. They’ll compete. And it will be a beautiful thing.† Trump’s healthcare plan is lacking many details, and it will need quite a few more ideas that are brought forward if he wants us to covet his healthcare ideas as much as he does. As previously mentioned, Bernie Sanders is an advocate for Universal health care coverage as well. Sanders’ proposal is much more detailed, and many of his backers love it. Sanders claims, â€Å"I believe that the U.S. should do what every other major country on Earth is doing, and that is, guarantee health care to all people as a right. To pay for this, Sanders wants to raise the federal income tax by 2.2% and charge employers 6.2% of their payroll (Kodjak). However, economists believe this just will not cover the hefty bill this w ould lay on the government. I m not sure the numbers add up, but the aspirations add up,† says Jared

Using Fun Activities to Improve Speaking Skill Free Essays

by : enisa cahya . chamilanisty@yahoo. com Using Fun Activities to Improve speaking skill for senior high school learners There are many definition of speaking. We will write a custom essay sample on Using Fun Activities to Improve Speaking Skill or any similar topic only for you Order Now Speaking is one of the skills that have to be mastered by students in learning English. It is important for students to known definition first. Many experts define speaking in different ways. Brown and Yule (1989) stated in their book. The speakers say words to the listener not only to express what in her mind but also to express what he needs whether information service. Most people might spend of  their everyday life in communicating with other. According to Syafrudin (2001) speaking is as active productive skill makes us of oral communication. Finocchiro and Bonomo (2001) stated that speaking as one or more sound make by human being for purposing of  communication. Beside, Chaney in Alfira (1998) says that speaking is the process of building and sharing meaning. So, the student should have capability in telling their ideas about some  problems or some things. The goal of speaking is to improve students ¶ communicative skill. By telling their ideas, the students can improve their speaking ability and increase their confidence. Mc. Donough and shaw (1993) says speaking is the ways to express ideas and opinion, expressing and desire to do something, negotiating or solving a particular problem, and maintaining social relationship and friendship. Long and Richard ( 1982 ) says speaking is a complex set of ability that involve many component, including pronunciations, listening and grammar skill. From the explanation above it can conducted that speaking is very important to communicated with others to take and give information learning language speaking skill should  be taught and practiced in the classroom event in real life situation, in order to an able our  students to communicate effectively and accurately by using component such as vocabulary and  pronunciation, fluency and basic grammatical pattern. Video is one of the technological aids that use in the classroom nowadays. Video is an extremely use media which incorporates a wide variety at visual element and a great range of  audio experiences in additional to spoken language based on speaking descriptive text. Sane (2009) stated that video is the technology to capture, record, and process, transmit and rearrange the moving picture also video can use for tutorials, videos for learning, and even videos for  entertainment or for documentation of activities. It means in teaching English language we can use video to make students not bored and like to study English language. To improve the students speaking ability, it needs innovation and creation to motivate them while learning speaking skill. Therefore, the teachers need to prepare the material, for example the teacher commands the students to prepare a dialogue based on a video that has been watched. Teaching speaking to the students needs innovation and creation to motivate them while learning speaking. One way that can be used by the teacher is by using media especially video. The advantages of teaching speaking by using video are to create enjoy and fun atmosphere in teaching learning process. These media are really useful and helpful for the student. Besides, video are also used to motivate the students in learning English. Teaching by using video is used to give variety in explaining material. Like Stempleski (1987) that said video can be used in a variety of instructional setting such as in classroom and in self study and evaluation situation. Every person will have different to describe same video. It will motivate them to have an opportunity to tell what they see about the video. There are another ways to teach English besides Video, games also appropriate to improve speaking skill for students. There are many reasons a teacher uses games in teaching speaking. Games give students chance to use English orally, it means that students can  practice and develop their ability to speak English. Games provide fun and relax while remaining very much within the framework of language learning. It is expected for shy or slow learners can be active participants to show their ability and find their confidence in communicating in the foreign language. Games are not just time filling activities in the class, but also have a great educational value. W. R. Lee (in Uberman,2002) holds that most language games make learners use the language instantly without thinking about the correct form of the language itself. So at this phase, the language games can lower students’ anxiety in using the target language, they are also highly motivating and entertaining so that the shy students will get more opportunities to express their opinion and feeling. Further suppport comes from Zdybiewska (as cited in Uberman,2002), she believes that games can be a good way in practicing the target language that being learned by the children, since they are able to provide a model of language on what the earners will use in the real life According to Betteridge and Buckby (1990), â€Å"Essentially, in guessing and speculating games, some one knows something and the others must find out what it is. † In addition, Merriem Webster (1986) said that â€Å"Guessing games is game in which the participates compete individually or team in the identificati on of something indicate obscurely (as in riddles or charades). Based on the definition, it can be conclude that guessing games is a game in which a person or participant knows something and competes individually or in a team to identify or to find out it. There are many concepts of guessing games, which can be applied in teaching speaking. According to Richard – Amato (1988), â€Å"Guessing games can be used to develop or reinforce concept, to add diversion to regular activities, or just to break the ice. However, their must important function is to give practice in communication. † It says that guessing games give students do not feel bored during learning process. Nevertheless, the most important thing is to give the students in practicing their English. Based on the statement above, we can conclude that guessing games give students more chance in formulating question. But we know that language classes are spent answering questions puts forth by the teacher or text book. This idea is also supported by Silver (1980) : â€Å"Language classes are often inadvertently structured so that most of the students speaking time is spent answering questions put forth by teacher or text book: as a result the students often have difficultly in forming own question. So, by using this game students are asked to practice in formulating questions. Here the students can apply their ability in using question – word (WH) question. How to cite Using Fun Activities to Improve Speaking Skill, Essay examples

The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet with Alternate Endings free essay sample

Romeo and Juliet, written by William Shakespeare, is the story of a pair of star-crossed lovers that results in great tragedy. One may ask, â€Å"Why would Shakespeare choose such a tragic ending for his heroes? † Hopefully this essay will answer that very question for you. Over the years, Romeo and Juliet has remained one of the most popular and most studied literary works of all time. With this amount of popularity, hundreds, even thousands, have written alternate endings to the timeless classic. Shakespeare could have chosen many endings, but he chose the tragic one for Romeo and Juliet. We can never truly understand his reasoning, but in general, people agree with his well thought out decision. Times have changed, language has changed, and the world has changed since Romeo and Juliet was written, but one thing remains: love can be beautiful, yet it can easily become tragic. William Shakespeare most likely had many reasons for ending the play in such a tragic way by killing both of the main characters. We will write a custom essay sample on The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet with Alternate Endings or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page One reason could have been that too many stories of his day were ending with the characters living happily ever after. Shakespeare might have just wanted his story to appear more realistic to the general population. If two families were constantly fighting, as the Capulets and Montagues were, even in the technology-free age that this story was set in, the young, star-crossed lovers would not have found such easy ways to be together. There most likely would have been a little more predetermined hatred between the teenagers when they revealed their identities after they met. The second reason that William Shakespeare might have used such a tragic ending could have been that he had the foresight to know that the story would not have been such a memorable classic if the lovers had simply lived happily ever after. There are probably a million other plays, songs, and poems about love in this â€Å"happily ever after† cookie cutter format. Almost everyone has heard of the tragedy that occurs in Romeo and Juliet. Most people of the modern era would not have read the story had there not been such a memorable ending. William Shakespeare was a genius who knew that he had to write something shocking, as in Romeo and Juliet, for it to be remembered and read for centuries to come. He definitely accomplished his goal. Shakespeare showed pure wisdom in the fact that he knew that the double-suicide twist at the end would leave his current audience and future audiences breathless. The third thing that Shakespeare more than likely thought about when he chose such a tragic ending could have been to show what impatience will do to people. Impatience is defined as restless eagerness to do something (WNWD 229). Romeo was absolutely too eager to move things along with Juliet. In Act II, scene iii, Romeo tried to convince Friar Lawrence to conjoin Juliet and him in marriage in Friar Lawrence’s cell. This is the day after they first meet in Act I, scene v. This is a little quick for anyone, of any time period, not just in modern times to leap into marriage. Romeo and Juliet had been acting rash and were going against their parents’ wills the entire story. Shakespeare might have been trying to convey the message that most of the time, acting in opposition of your parents does not end well for the kid, no matter how old. If Romeo and Juliet had any form of patience, they would have stopped to think, â€Å"Maybe this is all moving really fast and we should slow it down a little. † Shakespeare did not write the story that way, which would have shown that patience is a good thing. Outside forces tend to interfere with two people who want to be together. This can often cause a lot of problems. This is the fourth thing that Shakespeare might have thought about when he decided to write such a tragic ending for his play. One outside force that is unable to be controlled is the plague mentioned in Act V, scene ii, lines 5-17. The plague was a devastating blow to the lovers, and they did not even know about it. Had the plague not come to Verona, Friar John would have been able to deliver the message to Romeo and both of the young lives would have been spared. No one in the story or in real life could have controlled this force, which makes it all the more difficult to comprehend. The other forces that were working against Romeo and Juliet at one point were their parents. Their parents each hated the other family, which was obviously a big part of their demise. The Capulet versus Montague feud was a major theme throughout the story. The parents hated each other with all of their hearts, which meant that the lovers had to sneak around, behind their parents backs, just to be together. If the main characters had exemplified any form of patience, they would have lived happily ever after. Above all other reasons, William Shakespeare more than likely just wanted to end the story in a dramatic, worst case scenario in order to create the greatest impact. He knew that people would be talking about his story for many generations to come. Shakespeare was a genius that truly deserves recognition for knowing just what his story needed to last for about five centuries to this day and age with many more centuries to come. One alternate ending that probably every person that has ever read Romeo and Juliet has thought about would be to wonder what would have happened had neither one of the lovers killed themselves. To accomplish this alternate ending, I would keep the story the same up until the fight scene between Paris and Romeo. My scene would begin with Juliet waking up early from the sleeping potion to hear Paris and Romeo fighting. She calls out for them to stop fighting long enough for her to say something. Juliet expresses her feelings for Romeo to Paris and Paris finally understands that Juliet definitely does not want to marry him. When Paris’ page hears the commotion, he goes to get the guards. The guards call Montague and Lord Capulet into the tomb area to clear everything up. Lord Capulet makes the suggestion that they finally put aside their feud because he can see how happy Romeo makes his daughter. Montague agrees with Capulet and they live in peace from then on for the sake of their children. Paris ends up finding love, but he never lets go of the love that he had for Juliet. Everyone ends up living in harmony in Verona. The second alternate ending that I came up with was a tragic ending for the lovers Romeo and Juliet, but a happy ending for all those in favor of the Paris and Juliet romantic match. Just like in the scene above, this scene would begin during the fight in Act V, scene iii. In my scene, when Romeo accidentally mentions his poison plan to Paris, they stop fighting to formulate a plan. They mutually decide that they will both be miserable without Juliet, so they each choose to drink half of the poison so they can be with her forever. The men split the bottle by pouring half into the hands of Romeo. As they â€Å"drink† it, Paris stops and only pretends to drink the poison. Romeo slips into the hands of death just as Juliet begins to stir. Paris lies to her by saying that Romeo knew that she was not dead but was so angry that he wanted to show Juliet the pain of missing a lover forever. Juliet believes Paris, and falls in love with him just as quickly as she fell in love with Romeo earlier in the story. Juliet and Paris move to Mantua in order to begin their new lives together. The third alternate ending I came up with is a modernized/parody version. This scene begins after Romeo has successfully received news of Friar Lawrence’s plan. In typical â€Å"Romeo† fashion, he considers killing himself. After actually thinking for a second, he thinks better of it and decides to go fetch Juliet once she wakes up. While waiting for Juliet to wake up, a groundskeeper of the graveyard walks by and sees Romeo’s lantern. The groundskeeper has had a boring night, so he decides to pick a fight with the intruder of the graveyard. Romeo respectfully explains that the last time he was in a fight with someone, they fought to the death. It takes the man a minute to comprehend what Romeo has just said, but once he does, he runs out of the tomb to find Lord Capulet. He runs to Lord Capulet to inform him that there was a random guy in their family tomb. Juliet finally wakes up to see her lover. Romeo quickly explains that someone has gone to get her father, who will soon find out about all the shenanigans that have been going on. The couple runs off to Mantua to escape Juliet’s father. They move into a little cottage just outside the city. Shortly after moving, Juliet has their first child, whom they call Hedwig. The lovers eventually sit down and talk about how rash they were for moving into love so fast a few short months ago. They realize that meeting, getting married, and faking deaths was all a little too much for one week. They also realize what this thoughtless, shallow love has done to Hedwig, and agree to divorce. All of their possessions went to Juliet, who kept Hedwig. Romeo was kicked out of the home. Because he had no money and no family or friends to support him, he had to live on the streets. He eventually scraps up enough begging money to get some poison from the old apothecary in Verona. The sketchy potion does not work. Juliet finds out about the suicide attempt and sees how much she means to him. She decides that they can try to work it out for the sake of the emotionally unstable Romeo. They do work out their all of their many differences, slowly but surely, and live happily ever after in their little cottage outside the city of Mantua. My fourth alternate ending gives a happier ending than Shakespeare’s version. The main change in this version is that the Friar’s suggestion of faking Juliet’s death is put down by the girl. Instead of listening to the romanticized plan of the Friar, she comes up with her own solution. Her resolution is just to hide out in Friar Lawrence’s cell until Romeo can come back for her. Friar Lawrence agrees that this plan had a better chance at turning out well for all parties involved. Word is sent through Friar John to inform Romeo of this not so elaborate plan. When Romeo finally gets word of the plan, he is overjoyed about coming back to fetch his love. He leaves Mantua immediately to return to Verona. Once in Verona, he makes his way to Friar Lawrence’s cell. He can see a candle light coming through the cracks underneath the door. Romeo can not help but call out Juliet’s name. Juliet runs out of the room, extremely happy to see him. Friar Lawrence comes out of the room to speak with Romeo. The Friar informs Romeo that somehow word got out about him being back in Verona. Because he was exiled earlier in the story, Romeo was never to be allowed to reenter Verona again. Romeo did not even think of this as he rushed back into the city. Once he comprehends what the Friar is saying, he grabs Juliet’s hand and runs out of the cell. Romeo steals a horse from one of the guards of the gates to the city and throws Juliet on to its back. He hops on the horse as well and they ride off into the late sunset towards Mantua. The two star-crossed lovers lived happily ever after, together in the city of Mantua. This fifth alternate ending scene begins right after Friar John is told to stay locked up in a house as to not expose himself to the Black Plague. Friar John does go into the locked house, but he waits until the coast is clear and wedges himself out of the side window of his room. He blatantly ignores the orders for him to remain locked up and begins the trip to Romeo to deliver the message about Juliet’s whereabouts. Because he does not want to be seen by all the people that know him, Friar John takes the long way to get out of the city: through the Slums. The people in the slums were not quite as aware of the dangers and effects as the Plague, so they were still outside, like nothing was even wrong. Friar John knew this and decided to go through anyway. Once Friar John arrives in Mantua, he must find Romeo to deliver the message. The trip back to Verona takes longer than expected due to inclement weather and Friar John being tired from the journey to Mantua. When the two men finally arrive in Verona, Romeo bursts into the Capulet family tomb just as Juliet is waking up. Juliet sits up and calls out to her love. Romeo runs over and asks what she was thinking when she took the potion to fake her death. They sit there talking for about an hour, trying to catch up on everything that has happened in the last forty-eight hours. Romeo realizes that he cannot be in Verona for this long because he was exiled. Once he comes to the realization, he jumps up to take Juliet back to Mantua with him. Just as the lovers were about to leave the tomb, Romeo falls to the ground. Juliet thinks he is just messing with her, but he is not. Romeo was killed extremely rapidly by the Black Plague that was carried to him accidentally by Friar John. Juliet is so devastated that she grabs the knife that was next to her grave and kills herself to be with Romeo forever. The sixth and final alternate ending I have come up with is completely different than any others listed previously in this paper. This scene begins when Friar Lawrence is making the fake death potion. The actual play does not describe this event, but it is something that obviously did happen. Friar Lawrence has actually been infatuated with Juliet for a couple of months. In this version, he is only about twenty-two, so it is not quite as creepy as it sounds. When making the potion he looks up and sees a bottle with a little red heart on the side. He has never used this bottle before, but can easily tell what it was meant for: love. Even though he knows it is wrong, he dumps out the liquid of the fake death potion and carefully pours the love potion into the empty bottle. He takes the bottle to Juliet and has her drink it, assuring her that it will work for the good of someone who loves her. She drinks the potion, which immediately sets in. She is now completely unaware of any feelings that she may have previously had toward Romeo. Juliet has fallen in love with Friar Lawrence. Romeo never hears from anyone in Verona ever again. In conclusion, William Shakespeare showed his brilliance in the way he had the foresight to see what a tragic ending would do for his story. Only the greatest playwright in history could have possibly known what the effect that Romeo and Juliet would have for centuries to come. With 154 sonnets and thirty-seven plays to his name, William Shakespeare stands alone as the name among the most famous playwrights. One of the main reasons for this is Romeo and Juliet. In general, people love to talk about this story because of the tragic ending for the main characters. This causes other people to want to read it to make their own opinions. William Shakespeare is a legend alone, but his plays are also the stuff of legend. They have become a major part of innumerable families lives. People have even gone to the point of saying that the characters of Juliet and Romeo have in fact, influenced us all to this day. This definitely cannot be said about many other characters in books, plays, movies, or any other literary work. Over the years, alternate endings have been written by many for Romeo and Juliet, and yet no endings have ever had the power to create the â€Å"emotional roller-coaster effect† that is experienced by the audiences of the original work. This work is classic and timeless, and will be enjoyed for many generations to come.